Since the 1950s, the top federal income tax rate has fallen from 90 percent or more to 35 percent. Capital gains tax rates have been cut by more than half since the late 1970s. Financial tycoons now often pay a lower tax rate than their secretaries.
All this has coincided with the decline of some public services and the emergence of staggering levels of inequality such that the top 1 percent of Americans now have greater collective net worth than the entire bottom 90 percent.
What is their fair share of tax??? If you consider that their tax was 50% higher and was not a burden on the rich in the 1950's... today's millionaires are NOT paying their share.
Plus most rich people own corporations.
50% of corporations pay no taxess.
Corporations are allowed to double or triple in size, value and assets, yet they still don't have to pay taxes except on whatever profit they failed to spend.
Tax cuts for the rich are the cause of national debt.
The rich got richer and the nation faces bankruptcy for it.
When the rich make money you have a good job and when you overtax them they move out of the country and you end up with nothing. Greed works both ways.
When the rich make money you have a good job and when you overtax them they move out of the country and you end up with nothing. Greed works both ways.
When their taxes were 50% higher the rich were adding new manufacturing jobs in the USA. As their tax rate fell, they were exporting jobs overseas!
The opposite of your post.
The modern conservative is engaged in one of man's oldest exercises in moral philosophy; that is, the search for a superior moral justification for selfishness. John Kenneth Galbraith
The facts are the facts. Every time the top tax bracket got reduced, the debt skyrocketed.
The Republicans enacted every top rate reduction.
They gave the rich a break by balancing the economy on credit, instead of the actual tax revenues.
It was the biggest theft in the history of the world.
The theft is the SPENDING not the taxation. Unless your libertarian position is that the money you earn is the property of the federal government and they get to choose how much you keep. You're a "you didn't build that" libertarian(as rare as leprechauns)
FYI, federal tax revenue INCREASED during the 80's following the 1981 tax cuts. The problem was, SO DID SPENDING. I give the Democrat controlled congress credit for cutting the federal tax rate, but I also blame them for increasing SPENDING.
Corporations are allowed to double or triple in size, value and assets, yet they still don't have to pay taxes except on whatever profit they failed to spend.
Tax cuts for the rich are the cause of national debt.
The rich got richer and the nation faces bankruptcy for it.
intellectual property protection at the hands of those we elect AND rub elbows with them......I say put 'em all on Manhattan Island and float them offshore.....
the public needs to stop looking for a savior....THE STATUS QUO WILL MOVE THE CHEESE AGAIN AND VIRTUAL VALUE WILL PREVAIL....it always does......
MISSION AND OBJECTIVES HOW ITC WORKS PRIORITY COUNTRIES AID FOR TRADE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS Women and Trade ProgrammePoor Communities & Trade ProgrammeTrade and Environment ProgrammeMarket Access Indicators WORKING WITH ITC CORPORATE DOCUMENTS PRESS E-SHOP
MDG8: develop a global partnership for development
By promoting export-led growth in developing nations and improving international transparency about trade opportunities and market-access conditions, ITC is aiming to realize Millennium Development Goal 8, Targets A and B:
• Target 8A: “Develop further an open rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system”; and • Target 8B: “Address the special needs of Least Developed Countries”.
ITC has a range of practical initiatives to promote an open, transparent trading and financial system that enables companies to expand their international business. ITC Market Analysis Tools, which are free to developing nations and LDCs, provide the world’s largest integrated database of trade statistics, applied customs tariffs (including preferential regimes and rules of origin), bound tariffs, non-tariff market-access conditions (NTMs), flows and stocks of foreign direct investment, information on foreign affiliate companies and information on private voluntary standards.
The Market Analysis Tools provide regularly updated export and import statistics from more than 220 countries and territories to enable users to better understand supply and demand trends for 5,300 internationally traded products. The tools are unique in product detail, as well as in breadth of geographic coverage. Globally, more than 200,000 enterprises, trade advisers, policymakers, academics and people working in NGOs, international organisations and think-tanks use the tools.
In particular, Market Access Map helps improve the transparency of market access conditions by providing exporters with up-to-date, reliable and comprehensive data about measures such as import duties, quotas and rules of origin that enables exporters to compare conditions they face vis-à-vis competitors.
Market Access Map's data covers ad-valorem and specific duties including preferences arising out of preferential trade agreements applied by 191 countries to goods exported by 239 countries and territories. It also contains information about tariff quotas and anti-dumping duties.
National customs institutions, the World Trade Organisation and the United Nations Statistics Division supply the data for the Market Access Map.
MISSION AND OBJECTIVES HOW ITC WORKS PRIORITY COUNTRIES AID FOR TRADE MediaPhoto GalleriesRegional ReviewsInformation ResourcesPress Releases MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS WORKING WITH ITC CORPORATE DOCUMENTS PRESS E-SHOP
The Aid for Trade Initiative provides a platform for “developing countries, particularly least-developed countries to build the supply side capacity and trade related infrastructure that they need to assist them to implement and benefit from World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements and more broadly to expand their trade”.
The programme for 2010-2011 stresses the need to mainstream trade into national development plans; support regional integration objectives; further evolve the monitoring and evaluation framework in the area of analysis of impact; and enhanced dialogue between the public and private sector with more systematic approach to their involvement around an agreed set of objectives.
ITC'S CASE STUDIES FOR THE AID FOR TRADE GLOBAL REVIEW 2011 The Third Global Review of Aid for Trade has been hosted by the WTO in Geneva on 18 and 19 July 2011. The Global Reviews in 2007 and 2009 have comprehensively demonstrated that Aid for Trade is making progress. Partner countries recognise the need to mainstream trade in their national and regional development strategies, and are making progress towards this objective. Donors are responding by mobilising additional resources. ITC is highlighting several of its projects through videos (http://www.intracen.org/about/aid-for-trade-videos/), as well as the case stories submitted for the 2011 review:
African Cotton Development Initiative This document summarises ITC's work in the African Cotton sector. It outlines the challenges faced at the regional level and what ITC is doing to help overcome these, particularly focusing on South South cooperation.
Ethiopian Coffee Quality Improvement Project The project in question successfully met its objective of establishing seven coffee quality-testing laboratories in rural Ethiopia. The attachment outlines how this was achieved - noting the strong national political backing and the complementary support from other donors - as well as lessons learned.
The Ethical Fashion Programme - Not Charity, Just Work Ethical Fashion represents an approach to the design, sourcing and manufacture of clothing and lifestyle products which maximises benefits to people and communities while minimising impact on the environment. The ITC Ethical Fashion Programme enables disadvantaged African communities and their groups of informal manufacturers - mostly women - to access the international value chain, thus developing their export capacities and strengthening their position in their respective domestic and regional markets.
Aid For Trade and Export Performance: A Business Perspective Uganda This document focuses on assessing the impact of Aid for Trade on economic growth, trade creation and poverty reduction in Uganda.
Modular Learning System – Supply Chain Management ITC is filling a gap in training with its Modular Learning System in Supply Chain Management (MLS-SCM). The programme consists of a series of 18 complete and up-to-date training modules on supply chain management, as well as a professional certification programme with international examinations managed by ITC.
Market Analysis Tools and Capacity Building for LDCs and Developing Countries This case study describes ITC’s experience in large-scale dissemination of trade information through the market analysis tools. It outlines the rationale for their development, namely: to help developing countries diversify their products and export markets; align their market access negotiating positions to the needs of companies; and ensure that trade policies capitalize on national export potential and address market access impediments.
HOW IT WORKS Aid for Trade is a new way of approaching development assistance. It is primarily a vehicle for enabling developing countries, particularly least developed countries, to integrate better into the multilateral rules-based trading system.
Developing countries must clearly prioritize their technical assistance needs in order to access Aid for Trade. Responding development partners then provide assistance.
As the largest multilateral team dedicated entirely to trade-related technical assistance, ITC contributes the business perspective, promoting private sector voice in trade policy development; and offering solutions to supply-side constraints that keep developing countries from participating more fully in world trade.
ITC’S ROLE ITC can legitimately claim to be the ‘100% aid for trade’ organization. We work in partnership with the WTO and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), supporting their regulatory, research and policy strategies and helping to turn them into practical projects.
As the joint agency of the United Nations and the World Trade Organization, ITC enables small businesses export success in developing countries.
“We reaffirm the priorities established in paragraph 38 of the Doha Ministerial Declaration for the delivery of technical assistance and urge the Director-General to ensure that programmes focus accordingly on the needs of beneficiary countries and reflect the priorities and mandates adopted by members. ... In particular, we encourage all Members to cooperate with the International Trade Centre, which complements WTO work by providing a platform for business to interact with trade negotiators, and practical advice for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to benefit from the multilateral trading system.” - WTO Ministerial Declaration, Hong Kong, 2005
DEVELOPMENT OF AID FOR TRADE Aid for Trade was launched at the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Hong Kong Ministerial Conference in December 2005 and has become embedded in ITC’s work. The four pillars of the programme link directly to ITC’s three strategic objectives of helping to make national policy environments friendlier for export business; strengthening national and regional institutions that provide services to exporters; and helping enterprises to become more competitive in the global market.
ENHANCED INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK The Enhanced Integrated Framework (EIF) provides a comprehensive mapping of the trade needs of least-developed countries (LDCs). That information is used to assist the countries in seeking out funding for trade-policy development, trade development and building of productive capacities.
The work mainstreams trade into the LDCs national development plans. EIF is the primary source of accessing additional Aid for Trade resources and is a multilateral trust fund financed by OECD donors. For more information, see also the the WTO's EIF page.
ENGAGING THE PRIVATE SECTOR A key component in the Aid for Trade programme is enhanced dialogue with the private sector. As stated at the WTO’s Aid for Trade Work Programme, ITC‘s role is recognized in “Promoting the role of small- and medium-sized enterprises and micro-enterprises within the Aid for Trade initiative. Particular emphasis needs to be given to the financing needs of this sector.”
ITC has a strong comparative advantage when engaging with the private sector within the multilateral trading system of which WTO accession is one component. There are still a significant number of LDCs seeking WTO accession, and ITC complements the work of the WTO and UNCTAD by building the private sector understanding and partnership with the public sector in making a successful bid for membership to take advantage there of.
ITC works with the business community to highlight private sector concerns, so that the business voice is included in the Aid for Trade process. ITC has a track record in organizing business advocacy events to support inclusion of the voice of business in the Doha Development agenda and Economic Partnership Agreements. The private sector is assisted in organizing and acquiring technical competence so that it can engage in effective advocacy for trade development.
ITC also shares inspirational cases of public-private partnership. Other countries can adapt and develop their own approaches for an enabling business environment. ITC also continues to document business interests and concerns through its websites.
ONGOING ENHANCEMENTS The Second Global Review of Aid for Trade identified some key areas on which the programme will intensify its efforts:
A stronger regional dimension in Aid for Trade. There will be more reliance on regional partners including the development banks and bilateral donors to take the lead in the evolution of regional Aid for Trade projects. The importance of monitoring and evaluating the impact of Aid for Trade. Aid for Trade is being encouraged to develop as a community of best practice. Emphasis on high-level political commitment for policy reform and the mainstreaming of trade in national development plans. The growing role of South-South cooperation in Aid for Trade. Regional experts say such programmes are “demand driven” and beneficial to all involved. The complementary nature of trade hardware and software. The conference underlined that trade hardware, such as infrastructure (especially roads and ports) across regions remains important. Equally crucial is soft infrastructure, also known as trade software. This encompasses training and capacity building for institutions and firms on standards, rules of origin and customs, as well as trade information and identification of market opportunities which helps them to make the most of trade hardware. Reducing the costs of trade. Lack of pro-competitive regulations brings soft costs in transport and shipping; lack of trade intelligence (information) brings costs to find interesting export niche markets. Aid for Trade programmes must work to reduce these costs.
...you are a product of your environment, your environment is a product of your priorities, your priorities are a product of you......
The replacement of morality and conscience with law produces a deadly paradox.
STOP BEING GOOD DEMOCRATS---STOP BEING GOOD REPUBLICANS--START BEING GOOD AMERICANS
FYI, federal tax revenue INCREASED during the 80's following the 1981 tax cuts. The problem was, SO DID SPENDING. I give the Democrat controlled congress credit for cutting the federal tax rate, but I also blame them for increasing SPENDING.
At that exact same time the national debt began it's upward climb.
Sure revenues rose. Inflation was high. So naturally spending rose too.
Unnaturally, the revenue failed to keep up due to the tax cuts for the rich.
You are making my case for me.
All your data proved was that tax cuts were made when the government could not afford it.
Like today, the Republicans still want to fight for the tax cuts for the wealthy at a time when they should be fighting to keep America from bankruptcy.
End the tax cuts for those who don't need it. It isn't rocket science.
We gave them the cuts and the economy got worse every time. Every tax cut for the rich raised the national debt.
Clinton reversed it with tax increases and it was a success.
But feel free to keep fighting for the unsuccessful method.
MISSION AND OBJECTIVES HOW ITC WORKS Our role in the UN and WTOManagementITC structureJoint Advisory GroupImpactAbout ITC interactive videos PRIORITY COUNTRIES AID FOR TRADE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS WORKING WITH ITC CORPORATE DOCUMENTS PRESS E-SHOP
Formed in 1964, ITC has been the focal point within the United Nations system for trade related technical assistance (TRTA).
In line with our joint mandate from the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the United Nations through the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), we support our parent organizations’ regulatory, research and policy strategies. We focus on implementing and delivering practical TRTA projects.
WORKING TOGETHER
Our work focuses on the areas of expertise where ITC can have the greatest impact:
improving the ability of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to integrate into the world trading system, enhancing the abilities of trade support institutions to better support them, and increasing the ability of the private-sector to advocate their priorities to policymakers, and have these reflected in trade policy.
Along with our United Nations family and partner organizations, we continue to connect ITC projects and programmes with global efforts to achieve the Millennium Development Goals and the Aid for Trade agenda. ITC remains the only international organization focused solely on trade development for developing and transition economies. To deliver effective trade-related technical assistance (TRTA) and to achieve the goal of expanding exports requires all the major players, including ITC, to develop effective working partnerships as well as greater levels of coherence and coordination. Our goal is to build on our capabilities and that of our partners to bring about even greater development impact.
...you are a product of your environment, your environment is a product of your priorities, your priorities are a product of you......
The replacement of morality and conscience with law produces a deadly paradox.
STOP BEING GOOD DEMOCRATS---STOP BEING GOOD REPUBLICANS--START BEING GOOD AMERICANS
FYI, federal tax revenue INCREASED during the 80's following the 1981 tax cuts. The problem was, SO DID SPENDING. I give the Democrat controlled congress credit for cutting the federal tax rate, but I also blame them for increasing SPENDING.
This is a myth spun more out of belief, than history and fact. Republicans love to bring up how Ronald Reagan lowered taxes and the economy grew, but this isn’t the whole truth. Ronald Reagan did lower taxes in 1981, but he wiped out that tax cut by raising taxes in 1982 and 1983. Reagan also raised taxes in 1984 and 1986. The economy actually dipped after the 1981 tax cut, and returned to normal growth after taxes were increased.
The modern conservative is engaged in one of man's oldest exercises in moral philosophy; that is, the search for a superior moral justification for selfishness. John Kenneth Galbraith
UN Agencies, Funds, and Programs The UN system is comprised of the United Nations itself and more than 30 affiliated organizations—known as programs, funds, and specialized agencies—with their own membership, leadership, and budget processes. These groups work with and through the United Nations to promote worldwide peace and prosperity. UN Programs and Funds UN programs and funds are financed through voluntary contributions rather than assessed contributions. They include the following programs: United Nations Development Program (UNDP): On the ground in 166 countries, UNDP is the United Nations’ global development network, focusing on the challenges of democratic governance, poverty reduction, crisis prevention and recovery, energy and environment, and HIV/AIDS. UNDP coordinates national and international efforts to achieve the Millennium Development Goals that are aimed at poverty reduction. UNDP also publishes the annual Human Development Report. With respect to its work in the field, UNDP helped Liberia prepare for national elections that put Africa’s first woman president, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, in office; it has helped Thailand build solar-powered water pumping stations, and it has helped earthquakedamaged regions of Pakistan with long-term development planning. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR): Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, UNHCR protects refugees worldwide and facilitates their return home or resettlement. UNHCR is working on the ground in over 116 countries, helping 20.8 million persons in areas including Lebanon, Darfur, southern Sudan, Afghanistan, and Iraq. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, UNHCR recently led the first humanitarian aid delivery behind rebel lines since fighting broke out in August 2008, delivering 36 tons of water tablets, food, medicine, plastic sheeting, blankets, and kitchen sets. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF): UNICEF provides long-term humanitarian and development assistance to children and mothers. Recent UNICEF initiatives have included helping girls enroll and stay in school in 34 African countries, polio immunization for 5.5 million children in Angola, and reintegrating child soldiers in Sierra Leone into civil society. World Food Program (WFP): WFP, which aims to eradicate hunger and malnutrition, is the world’s largest humanitarian agency. Every year, the program feeds almost 100 million people in more than 80 nations. WFP has delivered aid to Darfur, to Pakistan in the aftermath of the 2005 earthquake, and to southern Asia following the tsunami. In July 2008, in response to the food crisis, WFP extended its West Africa operations to reach 1.5 million people affected by recent price hikes in addition to the 3.6 million people WFP already assists in the vulnerable region. In August, after the conflict in Georgia, WFP distributed staples like flour, oil, beans, salt, sugar, bread, and high-energy biscuits to over 138,000 displaced persons and vulnerable people. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC): UNODC helps member states fight drugs, crime, and terrorism. Aside from providing laboratory services, this program helps to improve cross-border cooperation. United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA): UNFPA works on the ground in 140 nations to “ensure that every pregnancy is wanted, every birth is safe, every young person is free of HIV/AIDS, and every girl and woman is treated with dignity and respect.” It is the world’s largest source of assistance for programs supporting women’s health and the rights of women. United Nations Environment Program (UNEP): UNEP coordinates the United Nations’ environmental activities. It develops international environmental conventions, assesses global environmental trends, encourages new civil sector partnerships, and strengthens institutions so they might better protect the environment. UN Specialized Agencies The UN specialized agencies are autonomous organizations working with the United Nations and funded by both voluntary and assessed contributions. These agencies include: UN Women: On July2, 2010 the United Nations General Assembly voted unanimously to create a new entity to accelerate progress in meeting the needs of women and girls worldwide. UN Women is the new agency that will oversee issues involving the UN Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women. The creation of this agency is an important step in the UN reform agenda that brings together resources and mandates for greater impact. Former President of Chile, Michelle Bachelet has been appointed the head of this agency as the Under Secretary for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women. World Bank: The World Bank focuses on poverty reduction and the improvement of living standards worldwide by providing low-interest loans, interest-free credit, and grants to developing countries for education, health, infrastructure, and communications, among other things. The World Bank works in over 100 countries. International Monetary Fund (IMF): The IMF is an organization of 185 countries that seeks to foster global monetary cooperation, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty. It offers financial and technical assistance to its members, making it an international lender of last resort. The IMF currently has $28 billion in outstanding loans to 74 nations. World Health Organization (WHO): WHO acts as a coordinating authority on international public health. It is responsible for public health emergencies and global vaccination campaigns, leading the way for eradication campaigns against life - threatening diseases like polio and malaria, and defends against pandemic influenza. Last year WHO eliminated avian flu in Vietnam, removed two countries from the list of polio-endemic nations, and provided humanitarian assistance in Lebanon and Darfur. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO): UNESCO pursues its objectives through five major programs: education, natural sciences, social and human sciences, culture, and communication and information. Projects sponsored by UNESCO include literacy, technical, and teacher-training programs; international science programs; the promotion of independent media and freedom of the press; regional and cultural history projects; international cooperation agreements to secure the world’s cultural and natural heritage (World Heritage Sites); and attempts to bridge the world-wide digital divide. International Labor Organization (ILO): ILO promotes international labor rights by formulating international standards on the freedom to associate, collective bargaining, the abolition of forced labor, and equality of opportunity and treatment. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO): FAO leads international efforts to fight hunger. It is both a forum for negotiating agreements between developing and developed countries and a source of technical knowledge and information to aid development. International Maritime Organization (IMO): IMO has created a comprehensive shipping regulatory framework, addressing safety and environmental concerns, legal matters, technical cooperation, security, and efficiency. World Meteorological Organization (WMO): WMO facilitates the free international exchange of meteorological data and information and the furtherance of its use in aviation, shipping, security, and agriculture, among other things. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): Created in 1988, the IPCC is a scientific intergovernmental body set up by WMO and UNEP to provide decision makers and others with an objective source of information about climate change. The IPCC does not conduct research or monitor climate-related data or parameters. Its role is to assess on a comprehensive, objective, and transparent basis the latest scientific, technical, and socio-economic literature relevant to understanding the risk of human-induced climate change, its observed and projected impacts, and options for adaptation and mitigation. World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO): WIPO protects intellectual property throughout the world through 23 international treaties.International Civilian Aviation Organization (ICAO): ICAO sets international rules on air navigation, the investigation of air accidents, and aerial border-crossing
...you are a product of your environment, your environment is a product of your priorities, your priorities are a product of you......
The replacement of morality and conscience with law produces a deadly paradox.
STOP BEING GOOD DEMOCRATS---STOP BEING GOOD REPUBLICANS--START BEING GOOD AMERICANS
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